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câu hỏi câu trả lời
1. Operations
bắt đầu học
The activities involved in the production and delivery of goods or services using resources like labor, materials, and machinery.
2. Quality
bắt đầu học
The degree to which a product or service meets certain standards or satisfies customer expectations.
3. Cost
bắt đầu học
The total expenditure required to produce a product, including materials, labor, and overhead.
4. Dependability
bắt đầu học
The ability to deliver products or services reliably and consistently on time.
5. Flexibility
bắt đầu học
The ability to adapt to changes in volume, product variety, or delivery requirements.
6. Speed (Throughput)
bắt đầu học
The rate at which products are produced and delivered to customers.
7. Lead-time
bắt đầu học
The time between placing an order and receiving the product.
8. Time-to-market
bắt đầu học
The time taken to develop a product from concept to launch.
9. Procurement
bắt đầu học
The process of sourcing and purchasing goods and services from suppliers.
10. Supply chain
bắt đầu học
A network of suppliers, manufacturers, and distributors involved in producing and delivering a product.
11. Logistics
bắt đầu học
The organization and implementation of transporting goods from one place to another.
12. Inventory
bắt đầu học
The raw materials, work-in-progress, and finished goods a company holds for future use or sale.
13. Feasibility
bắt đầu học
An assessment of how practical or achievable a project or plan is.
14. Vulnerability
bắt đầu học
The degree of risk or potential problems in a process or plan.
15. Standardization
bắt đầu học
Limiting variety by making uniform products or processes.
16. Commonality
bắt đầu học
The use of shared components or parts across different products.
17. Modularization
bắt đầu học
Designing products using separate interchangeable components.
18. Concept brief
bắt đầu học
A short document outlining the goals, features, and purpose of a new product idea.
19. Roll-out
bắt đầu học
The gradual introduction of a new product to the market.
20. First-tier supplier
bắt đầu học
A company that directly supplies products to the manufacturer.
21. Second-tier supplier
bắt đầu học
A company that supplies materials to the first-tier supplier.
22. Throughput
bắt đầu học
The amount of work or production completed in a given time.
23. Virtual operation
bắt đầu học
A business model where temporary teams or suppliers are used for a specific project.
24. Bill of materials
bắt đầu học
A list of raw materials, components, and instructions needed to manufacture a product.
25. E-procurement
bắt đầu học
Purchasing goods and services using digital platforms or the internet.
26. JIT (Just-in-time)
bắt đầu học
A production method that reduces inventory by receiving goods only as they are needed.
27. Lean operations
bắt đầu học
A management approach focused on reducing waste and improving efficiency.
28. Kaizen
bắt đầu học
A Japanese term meaning continuous improvement in all aspects of a business.
29. TQM (Total Quality Management)
bắt đầu học
A comprehensive approach where all employees work toward improving quality.
30. Six Sigma
bắt đầu học
A data-driven method for eliminating defects and improving quality, aiming for fewer than 3.4 defects per million items.
31. Capacity
bắt đầu học
The maximum output that a company can produce under normal conditions.
32. Control of inventory
bắt đầu học
Managing stock levels to ensure materials are available without overstocking.
33. Perpetual inventory system
bắt đầu học
A system that automatically tracks inventory in real-time.
34. Batch production
bắt đầu học
A production method where products are made in groups or batches.
35. Mass production
bắt đầu học
The large-scale manufacturing of standardized products.
36. Job production
bắt đầu học
A production method where a single product is made at a time, often customized.
37. Project production
bắt đầu học
A method used for complex, one-off products like construction or shipbuilding.
38. EPOS (Electronic Point of Sale)
bắt đầu học
A computerized system used in retail to process sales and update inventory.
39. RFID (Radio Frequency Identification)
bắt đầu học
A technology used to identify and track items using radio waves.
40. Industrial robots
bắt đầu học
Automated machines used in manufacturing to perform repetitive tasks like welding, assembling, or painting.
41. RFID tags (Radio Frequency Identification)
bắt đầu học
Tags used to track items through radio signals, improving inventory control and traceability.
42. EPOS (Electronic Point of Sale)
bắt đầu học
Systems used in retail that record sales and update stock levels in real-time.
43. Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM)
bắt đầu học
A company that produces parts and equipment that may be marketed by another manufacturer.
44. Outsourcing
bắt đầu học
Hiring an external company to perform services or create goods that were traditionally done in-house.
45. Grants and subsidies
bắt đầu học
Financial aid provided by the government to support businesses.
46. Infrastructure
bắt đầu học
Basic physical systems like roads, railways, and utilities needed for business operations.
47. Proximity to suppliers/customers
bắt đầu học
The physical closeness to suppliers or customers, affecting logistics efficiency and service speed.
48. Environmental considerations
bắt đầu học
Concerns about how business activities affect the natural environment.
49. Screening
bắt đầu học
The process of evaluating if a product idea is good and fits company goals.
50. Preliminary design
bắt đầu học
Early version of a product design used for concept development.
51. Evaluation and improvement
bắt đầu học
Assessing and refining product ideas and processes.
52. Prototyping
bắt đầu học
Creating a sample version of a product to test its design and functionality.
53. Factory layout
bắt đầu học
The physical arrangement of machinery, equipment, and workers in a production facility.
54. Packaging issues
bắt đầu học
Considerations about how products are packed, including protection, cost, and branding.
55. Changeover time
bắt đầu học
The time required to switch from producing one product to another in manufacturing.
56. Set-up time
bắt đầu học
Time taken to prepare machines or equipment before production can begin.
57. Downtime
bắt đầu học
Periods when production is halted, often due to equipment failure or changeovers.
58. Work-in-progress (WIP)
bắt đầu học
Items that are in the process of being manufactured but are not yet finished.
59. Job/batch/continuous/mass production
bắt đầu học
Different types of manufacturing processes depending on scale and customization.
60. Kanban
bắt đầu học
A lean method that uses visual signals (like cards or software) to control production and inventory.
61. Forecasting
bắt đầu học
Predicting future customer demand to plan production and inventory.
62. Capacity utilization
bắt đầu học
The percentage of a factory’s total potential output that is actually being used.
63. Overtime
bắt đầu học
Time worked beyond the regular working hours, often paid at a higher rate.
64. Subcontracting
bắt đầu học
Hiring another company to carry out part of the production process.
65. Inventory system
bắt đầu học
Methods and software used to monitor stock levels and reorder materials automatically.
66. Benchmarking
bắt đầu học
Comparing one’s business processes and performance metrics to industry bests or best practices from other companies.

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