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câu hỏi |
câu trả lời |
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bắt đầu học
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A serious disagreement or argument, typically a protracted one.
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bắt đầu học
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A state of tranquility or quiet, especially in the absence of war or violence.
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bắt đầu học
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Absence of direct violence or war, but not necessarily the absence of structural violence.
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bắt đầu học
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The presence of justice, equality, and harmonious social relationships.
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bắt đầu học
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Systematic ways in which social structures harm or disadvantage individuals.
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bắt đầu học
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Physical violence such as war, assault, or murder.
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bắt đầu học
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Aspects of culture that can be used to justify or legitimize direct or structural violence.
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bắt đầu học
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Processes aimed at resolving a conflict through peaceful means.
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bắt đầu học
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A long-term process of addressing the underlying causes of conflict and changing relationships and structures.
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bắt đầu học
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A form of conflict resolution involving a neutral third party who helps the disputants reach a voluntary agreement.
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bắt đầu học
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A dialogue between two or more parties intended to reach a beneficial outcome.
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bắt đầu học
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Efforts to establish lasting peace by addressing root causes and effects of conflict.
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bắt đầu học
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Diplomatic efforts to end conflict and reach an agreement.
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bắt đầu học
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The deployment of international personnel to maintain peace and security.
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bắt đầu học
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The use of peaceful means, not force, to bring about political or social change.
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bắt đầu học
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The process of restoring fractured relationships after conflict or injustice.
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bắt đầu học
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The intentional destruction of a national, ethnic, racial, or religious group.
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bắt đầu học
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Basic rights and freedoms to which all people are entitled.
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bắt đầu học
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The fair treatment of individuals in accordance with law and equity.
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bắt đầu học
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A person who has been forced to flee their country because of persecution, war, or violence.
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Internally Displaced Person (IDP) bắt đầu học
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Someone who has been forced to flee their home but remains within their country.
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bắt đầu học
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Penalties imposed on a country to influence its behavior.
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bắt đầu học
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A war between groups within the same country.
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bắt đầu học
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The use of violence or threats to achieve political goals.
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Post-conflict reconstruction bắt đầu học
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Rebuilding a country after war or conflict, including infrastructure, institutions, and relationships.
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bắt đầu học
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A temporary body set up to investigate past human rights abuses.
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bắt đầu học
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A judicial body with both national and international judges and laws.
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International Humanitarian Law bắt đầu học
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Rules that seek to limit the effects of armed conflict on people and property.
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bắt đầu học
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Binding conflict resolution by a neutral third party.
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bắt đầu học
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Official government-level negotiations.
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bắt đầu học
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Informal and unofficial dialogue between non-state actors.
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bắt đầu học
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Measures to stop conflicts from escalating.
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bắt đầu học
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The reduction or withdrawal of military forces and weapons.
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bắt đầu học
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The process of disbanding armed groups and reintegrating combatants.
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bắt đầu học
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Helping former combatants return to civilian life.
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bắt đầu học
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An approach in peacebuilding that seeks to avoid unintended negative effects.
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bắt đầu học
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Tools and processes for predicting and preventing conflict escalation.
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Gender-based Violence (GBV) bắt đầu học
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Harmful acts directed at individuals based on their gender.
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bắt đầu học
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Nonviolent action taken by civilians to challenge injustice.
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bắt đầu học
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The strength of relationships and the sense of solidarity among members of a community.
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