My lesson

 0    63 flashcards    charlottefisher
tải về mp3 In chơi tự kiểm tra
 
câu hỏi English câu trả lời English
Dynamic equilibrium
bắt đầu học
The rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal
Kinetic energy
bắt đầu học
The energy associated with moving particles
Concentration
bắt đầu học
The amount of solute dissolved in a solution
Le Chatelier's Principle
bắt đầu học
States that a disturbance to the equilibrium will result in the system adjusting to compensate for the change, and equilibrium is re-established. Some changes include temperature, concentration or pressure.
Catalyst
bắt đầu học
A substance that increases the rate of a reaction without itself being consumed in the reaction (also lowers activation energy, thus the reaction reaches equilibrium quicker)
Equilibrium constant (Kc)
bắt đầu học
Only temperature can affect the value of Kc*
Self-ionisation of water
bắt đầu học
The reaction in which a water molecule loses a hydrogen ion to become a hydroxide ion (OH-) and the hydrogen ion immediately reacts with another water molecule to form a hydronium ion (H3O+)
Esterification
bắt đầu học
A condensation reaction between a carboxylic acid and alcohol that generates an ester
Proton donor
bắt đầu học
A substance that can donate H+
Monoprotic
bắt đầu học
An acid that can donate only one hydrogen ion per molecule
Polyprotic
bắt đầu học
An acid that can donate more than one hydrogen ion per molecule
Strong base
bắt đầu học
A base that completely ionises in water
Weak base
bắt đầu học
A base that doesn't completely ionise in water
Alkaline
bắt đầu học
Basic solution
Hydroxyl
bắt đầu học
A functional group consisting of an -OH group, which is an oxygen atom and a hydrogen atom joined by a single bond
Carboxylic acid
bắt đầu học
A class of organic compound that contains a carboxyl functional group
Electrical conductivity
bắt đầu học
The degree to which a material conducts an electric current
Strength
bắt đầu học
The level of dissociation of an acid or a base
Strong acid
bắt đầu học
An acid that completely ionises in water
Weak acid
bắt đầu học
An acid that does not completely ionise in water
Ionic product constant of water (Kw)
bắt đầu học
The equilibrium constant for the self-ionisation of water
pH
bắt đầu học
A measure of hydrogen ion concentration in a solution and therefore a measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution
Limiting reagent
bắt đầu học
The reactant in a chemical reaction that determines how much product is made
Conjugate base
bắt đầu học
A base formed by removing an H+ from an acid
Conjugate acid
bắt đầu học
An acid formed when a base accepts an H+
Amphiprotic
bắt đầu học
A molecule or an ion that can either donate or accept a proton and therefore can act as an acid or a base
Buffer solution
bắt đầu học
A solution that resists changes in pH when small quantities of acids or alkalis are added
Titration
bắt đầu học
The addition of a solution of known concentration to a known volume of another solution of unknown concentration until the reaction reaches neutralisation
Titration curve
bắt đầu học
A graph of pH against volume of reactant added
Acid dissociation constant (Ka)
bắt đầu học
The equilibrium constant for the dissociation of an acid in aqueous solution
Base dissociation constant (Kb)
bắt đầu học
The equilibrium constant for the dissociation of a base in aqueous solution
Indicator
bắt đầu học
A chemical substance that changes colour at different pH values
pKa
bắt đầu học
A measure of acid strength; the negative common logarithm (to base 10) of an acid dissociation constant
End point
bắt đầu học
The point in a titration when the indicator changes colour
Equivalence point
bắt đầu học
The point in a titration when the reactants have reacted in the molar ratio of the balanced chemical equation
Standard solution
bắt đầu học
A solution of accurately known concentartion
Volumetric analysis
bắt đầu học
A quantitative analytical technique for determining the concentration of a solution by titrating it against another solution of known concentration
Half-equivalence point
bắt đầu học
A point in a titration curve where the concentration of the titre is equal to half the original concentration of the analyte; also called the midpoint
Buffer region
bắt đầu học
The section of a titration curve is relatively flat because adding more acid or base does not drastically affect the pH
Analyte
bắt đầu học
A solution of unknown concentration
Oxidation Reaction
bắt đầu học
An organic reaction involving the gain of oxygen atoms and/or the loss of hydrogen atoms.
Redox
bắt đầu học
A chemical reaction involving the transfer of electrons from one reactant to another
Oxidise
bắt đầu học
To lose electrons
Reducing Agent
bắt đầu học
A reactant that causes another reactant to gain electrons and be reduced and is itself oxidised.
Oxidising Agent
bắt đầu học
A reactant that causes another reactant to lose electrons and be oxidised and is itself reduced
Redox Reaction
bắt đầu học
A reaction involving oxidation of one reactant and reduction of the other reactant
Cathode
bắt đầu học
The electrode where reduction occurs
Polarity
bắt đầu học
The change of an electrode, either positive or negative
Electrode
bắt đầu học
A solid conductor of electricity either into or out of a half-cell
External circuit
bắt đầu học
The electric circuit (wires) that allows electron movement from anode to cathode.
Salt bridge
bắt đầu học
An electrical connection between the two half-cells in a galvanic cell; it allows for the flow of charge by moving ions to the cathode and anions to the anode
Half-cell
bắt đầu học
Half of an electrochemical cell, where either oxidation or reduction occurs
Internal Circuit
bắt đầu học
The part of an electrochemical cell that allows for ion flow, e.g. the salt bridge
Cell Diagram
bắt đầu học
A diagram of a galvanic cell that has all the key components, reaction mechanisms and electron/ion movement labelled
Fuel Cell
bắt đầu học
A galvanic cell that produces electricity by using a constant supply of reactants (often hydrogen and oxygen) and inert electrodes that don't break down
Inert Electrode
bắt đầu học
An electrode that conducts electricity in the half-cell, but doesn't participate in the reaction, i.e. it's neither a reactant nor product
Alkaline Fuel Cell
bắt đầu học
A fuel cell that consumes hydrogen and oxygen, producing water, heat and electricity
Standard Electrode Potential
bắt đầu học
The electrical potential that an electrode generates under standard conditions
Standard Conditions
bắt đầu học
The conditions under which all E^0 values are measured: 25 °C, 1 atm and 1M electrolyte.
Cell Potential Difference
bắt đầu học
The electrical potential difference (V) between two electrodes; the voltage that the galvanic cell can generate under standard conditions.
Electromotive Force (EMF)
bắt đầu học
The difference in potential across a cell that generates electricity.
Molten
bắt đầu học
A substance that has been melted to form a liquid
Electrolyte
bắt đầu học
A substance that conducts electricity when melted or dissolved in a solution.

Bạn phải đăng nhập để đăng bình luận.