Module 4

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IT infrastructure
bắt đầu học
shared technology resources that provide the platform for a firm's information system applications; it consists of physical devices and software applications that are required to operate the entire enterprise
examples of IT infrastructure
bắt đầu học
computing platforms; telecommunications services; data management services; application software services; IT management; IT education
evolution of IT infrastructure
bắt đầu học
1. General Purpose Mainframe and Minicomputer 1959; 2. Personal Computer 1981; 3. Client/Server 1983; 4. Enterprise Computing 1992; 5. Cloud and Mobile Computer 2000
Components of IT infrastructure
bắt đầu học
computer hardware platforms; operating system platforms; enterprise software applications; data management and storage; networking telecommunications platforms; internet platforms; consulting and system integration services
8 Hardware trends
bắt đầu học
mobile digital platform; consumerizartion of IT and BYOD; quantum computing; virtualization; cloud computing; edge computing; green computing; high performance processors
BYOD
bắt đầu học
bring your own device; allowing employees to use their own devises at a workplace
computer network
bắt đầu học
two or more connected computers
network operating system (NOS)
bắt đầu học
manages communications on the network and coordinates network resources
software-defined networking (SDN)
bắt đầu học
networking approach, in which many of these control functions are managed by one central program; helpful in cloud computing environment
Key Digital Networking Technologies
bắt đầu học
Client/server computing; Packet Switching; TCP/IP and Connectivity
technology drivers of IT infrastructure evolution
bắt đầu học
Moore's law and microprocessing power; Law of Mass Digital Storage; Metcalfe's Law and network economics
Moore's Law and microprocessing power
bắt đầu học
computing power doubles every 2 years; nanotechnology - uses individual atoms and molecules to create computer chips that are thousands of times smaller than currently technologically possible; Moore's law means decreasing costs
Law of Mass Digital Storage
bắt đầu học
the amount of data being stored each year doubles; the cost of storing digital information is falling exponentially
Metcalfe's Law and network economics
bắt đầu học
value of power of a network grows exponentially as a function of the number of network members; increasing returns to scale
Future of computers
bắt đầu học
Quantum computing; DNA (molecular); optical computers
Quantum computing
bắt đầu học
uses quantum physics to represent and operate on data; can process units of data as 0,1 or both; dramatic increases in computing speed
DNA (molecular)
bắt đầu học
emerging branch of computing that uses DNA, biochemistry and molecular biology hardware
optical computers
bắt đầu học
computer that use light particles called photons
Cloud computing
bắt đầu học
vision of IT resources over the internet; servers are provisioned over the internet on-demand, not on-premise as usual; software is assessed as a web service through a browser, not downloaded as usual from the Internet
advantages of cloud computing
bắt đầu học
reduces upfront costs; increases flexibility for scaling
disadvantages of cloud computing
bắt đầu học
may lead to higher long-term costs; dependence on providers; moving legacy systems to cloud may be costly
Types of Cloud computing
bắt đầu học
Iaas; Paas; Saas
Infrastructure-as-a-service (Iaas)
bắt đầu học
allows users to instantly obtain or give up IT hardware resources such as company storage and networking capabilities; offers the most customisation
Platform-as-a-service (Paas)
bắt đầu học
allows users to work within a complete development and deployment environment over the internet; provides development and intelligence tools that help to quickly create new applications and analyse usage data
Software-as-a-service (Saas)
bắt đầu học
allows users to connect to and use cloud-based apps over the internet; for example email, office tools, calendars, mobile apps, corporate software tools CRM and ERP
the Internet
bắt đầu học
decentralised system of networks that links devices around the globe and enables data transmission among them
common application transfer protocols
bắt đầu học
HTTP; SMTP; FTP
HTTP
bắt đầu học
Hypertext transfer protocol; used for communication between web browsers and web servers
SMTP
bắt đầu học
simple mail transfer protocol; for email transmission
FTP
bắt đầu học
file transfer protocol; for file transfers between clients and servers
URL
bắt đầu học
uniform resource locator; is used to find resources on the Internet; HTML - Hypertext Markup Language is a standard language to format websites
IP Addresses
bắt đầu học
are assigned to every device connected to the Internet; 32-bit number
DNS
bắt đầu học
Domain name system; the phone book of the Internet; DNS converts IP addresses to domain names
TCP/IP
bắt đầu học
Transmission Control and internet protocol; enable data transfer across the Internet; TCP slices data that is to be set into packets at the source computer; IP routes packets to the computer; TCP at the computer checks for completeness, reassemble packets
net neutrality
bắt đầu học
all internet traffic should be treated equally, no preferential treatment toward any users by the Internet Service Providers
Evolution of mobile technologies
bắt đầu học
1980 - 1G (analog voice transmission), 1990 - 2G (digital transmission), 2000 - 3G, bust of the dot-com bubble, 2007 - smartphone era, 2010 - 4G, 2020 - 5G, IoT era

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