ILSPT (02) - Basic English Vocabulary for Law

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câu hỏi English câu trả lời English
damages
bắt đầu học
Money claimed by someone as compensation for harm done (odszkodowanie)
to commit
bắt đầu học
To send someone to prison or to a court (skierować)
judicial
bắt đầu học
An adjective referring to a judge or the law (sądow(nicz)y)
innocent
bắt đầu học
Not guilty of a crime (niewinny)
offence
bắt đầu học
Any act which is not legal (wykroczenie)
lawyer
bắt đầu học
A person who has studied law and can act for people on legal business (prawnik)
dispute
bắt đầu học
A disagreement or argument between parties (spór)
tribunal
bắt đầu học
A specialist court outside the judicial system which examines special problems (trybunał)
case
bắt đầu học
A set of arguments or facts put forward by one side in a legal proceeding (obrona)
judge
bắt đầu học
An official who presides over a court (sędzia)
to plead
bắt đầu học
To make an allegation in legal proceedings (odpowiadać na zarzuty oskarżenia)
defendant
bắt đầu học
Someone who is accused of a crime in a criminal case (oskarżony, pozwany)
claimant
bắt đầu học
A person who makes a claim against someone in a civil court (powód)
settlement
bắt đầu học
An agreement reached after an argument (porozumienie/ugoda sądowe/a)
to arrest
bắt đầu học
To hold someone legally so as to charge them with a crime (aresztować)
hearing
bắt đầu học
A case which is being heard by committee, tribunal or court of law (sprawa sądowa)
to convict
bắt đầu học
To find that someone is guilty of a crime (uznać za winnego)
breach
bắt đầu học
Failure to carry out the terms of an agreement (naruszenie)
to prosecute
bắt đầu học
To bring someone to court to answer a criminal charge (wnosić oskarżenie)
to appeal
bắt đầu học
To ask a high law court to change its decision or sentence (złożyć apelację)
to charge
bắt đầu học
To say that someone has committed a crime (oskarżyć, postawić zarzut)
binding
bắt đầu học
Having the legal ability to force someone to do something (wiążący)
civil
bắt đầu học
An adjective referring to the rights and duties of private persons or organizations (cywilny)
defence
bắt đầu học
The arguments used when fighting a case
contract
bắt đầu học
A legal agreement between two or more parties (umowa prawna)
criminal
bắt đầu học
An adjective referring to crime (kryminalny, karny)
jury
bắt đầu học
A group of 12 citizens who decide whether or not someone is guilty in a trail (ława przysięgłych)
evidence
bắt đầu học
A written or spoken statement of facts which helps to prove or disprove something at a trial (materiał dowodowy)
to fine
bắt đầu học
To order someone to pay money as a punishment (nałożyć karę grzywny)
injunction
bắt đầu học
A court order telling someone to stop doing something, or not to do something (nakaz/zakaz sądowy)
accountable
bắt đầu học
responsible for what had happened (odpowiedzialny)
impartial
bắt đầu học
not biased or prejudiced (bezstronny)
pecuniary
bắt đầu học
financial (pieniężny)
valid
bắt đầu học
being acceptable because it is true or relevant (prawomocny)
unprecedented
bắt đầu học
not having happened before (bezprecedensowy)
void
bắt đầu học
not having any legal effect (nieważny)
admissible
bắt đầu học
referring to evidence which a court will allow to be used (dopuszczalny)
unanimous
bắt đầu học
where everyone votes in the same way (jednomyślny)
eligible
bắt đầu học
able or allowed to do something (uprawniony)
irreconcilable
bắt đầu học
very strong, so that it is not possible for two sides to reach an agreement (nie do pogodzenia)
gross (adj.)
bắt đầu học
serious (rażący)
deductible
bắt đầu học
able to be removed (możliwy do usunięcia)
insolvent
bắt đầu học
not able to pay debts (niewypłacalny)
fiduciary
bắt đầu học
acting as trustee for someone else, or being in a position of trust (powierniczy)
occupational
bắt đầu học
referring to jobs and work (zawodowy)
exempt
bắt đầu học
not required to pay, or not covered by law (zwolniony)
verbatim
bắt đầu học
in the exact words (dosłowny)
unconditional
bắt đầu học
with no conditions attached (bezwarunkowy)
feasible
bắt đầu học
possible or practical (wykonalny)
redundant
bắt đầu học
no longer needed or valid (zbędny)
solvent
bắt đầu học
having enough money to pay debts (wypłacalny)
nominal
bắt đầu học
a very small amount (symboliczny)
corporate
bắt đầu học
referring to a company (firmowy)
open-ended
bắt đầu học
with no fixed period, or with some items not specified (na czas nieokreślony)
litigious
bắt đầu học
very willing to bring a lawsuit against someone to settle a disagreement (sporny)
nominee
bắt đầu học
a person who is appointed to deal with financial or other matters on behalf of another person (nominat)
franchise
bắt đầu học
a license to trade using a brand name and paying royalty for it
ombudsman
bắt đầu học
someone who deals with complaints that people make against the government or public organizations (rzecznik praw obywatelskich)
guarantor
bắt đầu học
somebody who gives a guarantee (poręczyciel, gwarant)
perjury
bắt đầu học
the crime of telling a lie in a court of law (krzywoprzysięstwo)
tortfeasor
bắt đầu học
somebody who has committed a civil wrong to somebody, entitling the victim to claim damages (sprawca czynu niedozwolonego)
compensation
bắt đầu học
a payment made by a person or company to cover cost of damage or hardship which they have caused (rekompensata)
mediation
bắt đầu học
an attempt by a third party to make the two sides in an argument agree (pośrednictwo)
debenture
bắt đầu học
a document in which a company acknowledges it owes a debt and gives the company's assets as security (obligacja, skrypt dłużny)
liability
bắt đầu học
the legal responsibility for paying someone for loss or damage incurred (odpowiedzialność prawna - obowiązek zapłaty, pasywa)
negligence
bắt đầu học
a failure to give proper care to something, especially a duty or responsibility, with the result that a person or property is harmed (zaniedbanie)
goodwill
bắt đầu học
the good reputation and trade with customers that a business firm has (dobre imię)
to indemnify
bắt đầu học
to pay for loss or damage suffered (wynagrodzić)
to undetake
bắt đầu học
to promise to do something (zobowiązać się)
to adjudicate
bắt đầu học
to give a judgement between two parties (rozstrzygnąć)
to liquidate
bắt đầu học
to sell assets or stock to raise cash (spieniężyć)
to entitle
bắt đầu học
to have or give someone the right to do something (uprawnić)
to mediate
bắt đầu học
to try to make to sides in an argument come to an agreement (pośredniczyć)
to draft
bắt đầu học
to make a first rough plan of a document such as contract (sporządzany)
to defraud
bắt đầu học
to trick someone so as to obtain money or goods illegally (oszukiwać)
to disclose
bắt đầu học
to tell details (ujawnić)
to ban
bắt đầu học
to forbid something, or make it illegal (zakazać)
to invalidate
bắt đầu học
to make something no longer valid (unieważnić)
to waive
bắt đầu học
to say that something is not necessary (zrzec się)
to grant
bắt đầu học
to agree to give someone something, or to allow someone to do something (przyznać)
to ratify
bắt đầu học
to approve officialy something that has already been decided (potwierdzać)
to blacklist
bắt đầu học
to put goods, people or a company on a list of those that you will not deal with (wykluczyć)
to default
bắt đầu học
to fail to carry out the terms of a contract, especially to fail to pay back a debt (nie wywiązać się)
to foreclose
bắt đầu học
to take possession of a property because the owner cannot repay money they have borrowed using the property as security (zablokować dostęp)
to dispute
bắt đầu học
to argue against something; to say that something is not correct (kwestionować)
to subcontract
bắt đầu học
to agree with a company that they will do all or part of the work for a project (zlecić podwykonanie)
to infringe
bắt đầu học
to make a product in the same way as another product which has been patented, and not pay royalties (naruszyć)
to certify
bắt đầu học
to make an official declaration in writing (poświadczyć, uwierzytelnić)
to exempt
bắt đầu học
to free someone from having to pay tax (zwolnić)
to wound up
bắt đầu học
to put a company into liquidation (zlikwidować)
to allege
bắt đầu học
to state, usually in giving evidence, that something has happened or is true (twierdzić)
to abide by
bắt đầu học
to accept a rule or follow a custom (przestrzegać)
to vest
bắt đầu học
to transfer to someone the legal ownership and possession of land or a right (przekazać, powierzyć)
to claim
bắt đầu học
to ask for money (żądać)
to seek
bắt đầu học
to ask for or try to do something (domagać się)

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