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câu hỏi |
câu trả lời |
"I bought into the story of mirrors and self-recognition hook, line, and sinker," he recalls. bắt đầu học
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„Zafascynowałem się historią o lustrach i haczyku, żyłce i ciężarku samorozpoznawczym” – wspomina.
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Because it is a compelling story bắt đầu học
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Ponieważ jest to wciągająca historia
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to reveal that our close chimpanzee relatives are self-aware bắt đầu học
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ujawnić, że nasi bliscy krewni szympansy są samoświadomi
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The idea that there are other creatures out there for whom we can only access their mental states, their self-consciousness bắt đầu học
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Pomysł, że istnieją inne istoty, w przypadku których możemy uzyskać dostęp jedynie do ich stanów psychicznych i samoświadomości
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bắt đầu học
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He ended up devoting years of his life to studying mirrors and higher-order consciousness bắt đầu học
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Skończyło się na tym, że poświęcił lata swojego życia na studiowanie luster i świadomości wyższego rzędu
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the public seems stuck on the scientific tale that drew him in as a teenager bắt đầu học
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opinia publiczna wydaje się utkwić w naukowej opowieści, która wciągnęła go jako nastolatka
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one of the class assignments was to come up with an idea for an experiment bắt đầu học
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jednym z zadań zajęć było wymyślenie pomysłu na eksperyment
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test an animal by secretly marking its face with some kind of non-irritating red dye bắt đầu học
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przetestuj zwierzę, potajemnie zaznaczając jego pysk jakimś niedrażniącym czerwonym barwnikiem
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Most species tend to treat a mirror image as a stranger to be courted or attacked bắt đầu học
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Większość gatunków ma tendencję do traktowania lustrzanego odbicia jak obcego, z którym należy się zabiegać lub atakować
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parakeets will literally interact with themselves in mirrors as though they were seeing another parakeet for their entire lives bắt đầu học
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papugi będą dosłownie wchodzić w interakcję ze sobą w lusterkach, jakby przez całe życie widziały inną papugę
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bắt đầu học
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bắt đầu học
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bắt đầu học
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zmieniło się ich nastawienie
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Even Charles Darwin once watched, fascinated, as a captive orangutan named Jenny made faces at a mirror. bắt đầu học
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Nawet Karol Darwin patrzył kiedyś z zafascynowaniem, jak uwięziony orangutan o imieniu Jenny robi miny przed lustrem.
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When Gallup anesthetized them and put red dye on their faces, the chimps later woke up bắt đầu học
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Kiedy Gallup je znieczulił i nałożył na twarz czerwony barwnik, szympansy później się obudziły
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News of his findings caused a sensation bắt đầu học
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Wiadomość o jego odkryciach wywołała sensację
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It had quite an impact—much, much greater impact than I anticipated bắt đầu học
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Wywarło to ogromny wpływ – znacznie, znacznie większy wpływ, niż się spodziewałem
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researchers have subsequently tried bắt đầu học
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badacze próbowali później
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bắt đầu học
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in a slew of other species—everything from magpies to ants to manta rays bắt đầu học
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u wielu innych gatunków – od srok, przez mrówki, po manty
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consistently and convincingly demonstrated mirror self-recognition bắt đầu học
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konsekwentnie i przekonująco wykazał lustrzaną samorozpoznanie
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cognitive psychologist and marine mammal scientist bắt đầu học
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psycholog poznawczy i naukowiec zajmujący się ssakami morskimi
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Would they race to the mirror afterwards and orient immediately to the place where they've been marked bắt đầu học
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Czy pobiegliby potem do lustra i od razu skierowali się do miejsca, w którym zostali oznaczeni?
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I think that's where the light bulb goes on bắt đầu học
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Myślę, że to właśnie tam zapala się żarówka
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the self-directed behaviour should be sufficient. bắt đầu học
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samokierowanie powinno wystarczyć.
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find the mark too insignificant and uninteresting to investigate further bắt đầu học
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uznać znak za zbyt nieistotny i nieciekawy, aby zbadać go dalej
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without a clear-cut experimental test, it's too easy for researchers to see whatever it is bắt đầu học
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bez jednoznacznych testów eksperymentalnych badaczom zbyt łatwo jest zobaczyć, cokolwiek to jest
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videotapes are kind of like Rorschach tests. bắt đầu học
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taśmy wideo są trochę jak testy Rorschacha.
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But Povinelli, who was once so entranced with Gallup's mirror test bắt đầu học
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Ale Povinelli, którego kiedyś tak bardzo fascynował test lustra Gallupa
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Elephants probably worry less about body cleanliness than primates bắt đầu học
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Słonie prawdopodobnie mniej martwią się o czystość ciała niż naczelne
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They don't generally groom with their trunks bắt đầu học
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Zwykle nie pielęgnują się za pomocą pni
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this self-awareness was an evolutionary leap bắt đầu học
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ta samoświadomość była skokiem ewolucyjnym
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to make inferences about comparable experiences bắt đầu học
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wyciąganie wniosków na temat porównywalnych doświadczeń
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they may have a more sophisticated sense of their own body's movement bắt đầu học
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mogą mieć bardziej wyrafinowane wyczucie ruchu własnego ciała
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concept, a chimp could use a mirror as a tool to examine or groom its body bắt đầu học
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Według tej koncepcji szympans mógłby używać lustra jako narzędzia do badania i pielęgnacji swojego ciała
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monkeys can actually learn to perform this feat bắt đầu học
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małpy rzeczywiście mogą nauczyć się tego wyczynu
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without spontaneously showing signs that they recognize their own reflections bắt đầu học
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bez spontanicznego okazywania oznak rozpoznania własnych refleksji
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when a test comes along that is dressed up in scientific garb like a mirror bắt đầu học
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kiedy nadchodzi test ubrany w naukowy strój niczym lustro
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something kind of disturbing bắt đầu học
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bắt đầu học
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wpatrując się intensywnie
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bắt đầu học
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bắt đầu học
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how would we know if the animal recognized itself in the mirror? bắt đầu học
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skąd mielibyśmy wiedzieć, czy zwierzę rozpoznało się w lustrze?
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Gallup put the chimps under anesthesia bắt đầu học
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Gallup podał szympansy w znieczuleniu
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to reach up and touch and examine the marks on their faces bắt đầu học
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aby sięgnąć, dotknąć i zbadać znaki na ich twarzach
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bắt đầu học
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natychmiast się zorientować
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bắt đầu học
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unequivocally passes Gallup's mark test bắt đầu học
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jednoznacznie przechodzi test oceny Gallupa
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Povinelli doesn't really buy it. bắt đầu học
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Povinelli tak naprawdę tego nie kupuje.
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you're all bedraggled with sleep in your eyes bắt đầu học
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wszyscy jesteście mokrzy od snu w oczach
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bắt đầu học
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bắt đầu học
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